Published Articles

Learn about recent publications written on pacing the diaphragm...

Since its introduction in the 1970′s, there have been dozens of articles written on pacing the diaphragm to treat a wide variety of conditions. Much of that literature was written about earlier versions of the equipment which are now obsolete. The following is a synopsis of the most recent and most relevant articles:

“Thoracic Intercostal to Phrenic Nerve Transfer for Diaphragmatic Reanimation in a Child with Tetraplegia”

Jacob Latreille, Erika B. Lindholm, Dan A. Zlotolow & Harsh Grewal (2019) Thoracoscopic intercostal to phrenic nerve transfer for diaphragmatic reanimation in a child with tetraplegia, The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 
DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2019.1585706

View Article Mar, 2019

“Intrathoracic Phrenic Pacing: A 10-Year Experience in France”

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. E-Pub May 2011.

View ArticleMay, 2018

“Clinical Advances in Diaphragm Pacing”

INNOVATIONS. September/October 2011, Vol. 6, pp.289-297.

View ArticleSep/Oct, 2011

“Phrenic Nerve Stimulation: The Australian Experience”

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. February 2010, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 205-208.

View ArticleFeb, 2010

“Implantation of a Diaphragm Pacing System in a Tetraplegic Patient in Hong Kong”

Hong Kong Journal of Medicine. June 2009, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 230-233.

View ArticleJun, 2009

“Long Term Recovery of Diaphragmatic Function in a Patient with Unilateral Diaphragmatic Pacemaker”

Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews. February 2009, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 59-61.

View ArticleFeb, 2009

“Rapid Disuse Atrophy of Diaphragm Fibers in Mechanically Ventilated Humans”

New England Journal of Medicine. March 27 2008, Vol. 358, No. 13, pp. 1327-1335.

View ArticleMar, 2008

“Electricity in the Treatment of Nervous System Disease”

Acta Neurochirurgica – Supplement. January 2007, Vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 11-19.

View ArticleJan, 2007

“Cardiac Pacing in a Patient with Diaphragm Pacing for Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (Ondine’s Curse)”

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. July 2006, Vol. 17, No. 7, pp. 789-791.

View ArticleJul, 2006

“Diaphragm Pacers as a Treatment for Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome.”

Expert Review of Medical Devices. August 2005, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 577-585.

View ArticleAug, 2005

“Endoscopic, Robotically Assisted Implantation of Phrenic Pacemakers.”

Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. August 2003, Vol. 126, No.2, pp. 582-583.

View ArticleAug, 2003

“Long Term Follow-up of Pacing of the Conditioned Diaphragm in Quadriplegia.”

Journal of Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. June 2002, Vol.25, No.6, pp.897-906.

View ArticleJun, 2002

“Fundamental Considerations in Pacing of the Diaphragm for Chronic Ventilatory Insufficiency: A Multi-Center Study.”

Journal of Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. November 1988 Part II, Vol.11, pp.2121-2127

View ArticleNov, 1988

“Long-Term Ventilatory Support by Diaphragm Pacing in Quadriplegia.”

Annals of Surgery. May 1976, 183(5), pp. 566-577.

View ArticleMay, 1976

More About Pacing

The Avery System's Functionality

The Avery Diaphragm Pacing System can provide ventilatory support for patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency whose diaphragm, lungs, and phrenic nerves have residual function. Typically, these patients have high spinal cord injuries, central sleep apnea or other central neurological disorders or a paralyzed diaphragm.